| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 万 | 亿 | 元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 壹 | 贰 | 叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 零 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | 万 | 亿 | 圆 |
The use of uppercase numbers began in the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang issued a decree after a major corruption case known as the "Guo Huan Case," requiring that accounting numbers be recorded using complex Chinese characters like "壹, 贰, 叁..." instead of simpler numerals like "一, 二, 三..." to prevent tampering with financial records. The characters “陌” and “阡” were later replaced by “佰” and “仟,” which are still used today.
| Amount | Uppercase | Amount | Uppercase | Amount | Uppercase | Amount | Uppercase | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 零元整 | 1 | 壹元整 | 2 | 贰元整 | 3 | 叁元整 | 4 | 肆元整 |
Important Notes on Writing RMB Amounts in Chinese Capital Letters
When writing RMB amounts in Chinese capital letters, they should be written in standard script or running script, such as 壹(壹), 贰(贰), 叁, 肆(肆), 伍(伍), 陆(陆), 柒, 捌, 玖, 拾, 佰, 仟, 万(万), 亿, 元, 角, 分, 零, 整(正), and other such characters. Do not use simplified forms such as 一, 二(两), 三, 四, 五, 六, 七, 八, 九, 十, 念, 毛, 另 (or 0). Self-created simplified characters should not be used. If the amount is written in traditional Chinese characters, such as 贰, 陆, 亿, 万, or 圆, they should still be accepted.
1. For RMB amounts written in Chinese capital letters that end with "元," the word "整" (or "正") should be written after "元." For amounts ending in "角," "整" (or "正") may be omitted. If the amount includes "分," "整" (or "正") should not be written after "分."
2. The words "人民币" (Renminbi) must be written before the Chinese capital amounts. If the amount includes "分," "整" (or "正") should not be written after "分."
3. The words "人民币" must precede the Chinese capital amounts, and the capital amounts must be written directly following "人民币" without leaving any space. If the words "人民币" are not preprinted, they should be added manually. In the section for capital amounts on checks and settlement certificates, do not preprint fixed characters such as "仟," "佰," "拾," "万," "仟," "佰," "拾," "元," "角," or "分."
4. When there is a "0" in the Arabic numeral amount, the Chinese capital letters should be written according to Chinese linguistic rules, the structure of the number, and to prevent alteration. Examples are as follows:
1. When there is a "0" in the middle of an Arabic numeral, the Chinese capital letter "零" should be used. For example, ￥1409.50 should be written as 人民币壹仟肆佰零玖元伍角.
2. When there are consecutive "0"s in the Arabic numeral, only one "零" should be written in the Chinese capital letters. For example, ￥6007.14 should be written as 人民币陆仟零柒元壹角肆分.
3. If both the ten-thousands and units digits are "0" in the Arabic numeral, or there are consecutive "0"s in the middle, with the ten-thousands and units digits also being "0" but the thousand and cents digits are not, it is acceptable to write either one "零" or omit the "零." For example, ￥1680.32 can be written as 人民币壹仟陆佰捌拾元零叁角贰分, or 人民币壹仟陆佰捌拾元叁角贰分. Similarly, ￥107000.53 can be written as 人民币壹拾万柒仟元零伍角叁分, or 人民币壹拾万零柒仟元伍角叁分.
4. If the "角" digit is "0" but the "分" digit is not "0," a "零" should be written after "元" in the Chinese capital letters. For example, ￥16409.02 should be written as 人民币壹万陆仟肆佰零玖元零贰分; similarly, ￥325.04 should be written as 人民币叁佰贰拾伍元零肆分.
History of Numbers
The earliest tools humans used to count were fingers and toes, but these could only represent numbers up to 20. When the quantities became large, most primitive people used small stones to keep track. Gradually, people also invented methods like tying knots to record numbers or carving notches on animal skins, trees, or stones. In ancient China, small sticks made of wood, bamboo, or bones, called counting rods, were used for calculation. These counting methods and symbols evolved into the earliest numeric symbols. Today, all countries around the world use Arabic numerals as the standard.